Tour to Khiva
Kunya Ark connects the western wall of Ichan-Kala to the hermit abode of Ak-Sheikh-Bobo. Its construction began between 1686 and 1688 under Arang Khan, the son of Anush Khan. By the late 18th century, Kunya Ark had become a "city within a city," separated from Ichan-Kala by a high wall. The fortress once housed the Khan's chancellery, a reception hall, a harem, winter and summer mosques, a mint, and auxiliary buildings.
The area near the entrance to Kunya Ark was used for military parades and training battles. It also served as the site for executions and included a prison (zindan) adjacent to Kunya Ark's eastern walls. The palace entrance was heavily guarded. Only a few structures remain of the once densely built Kunya Ark complex: the eastern gates with a guard room, Ak-Sheikh-Bobo's cell, Kurinishkhana (a reception and registry room), the summer and winter mosques, and the harem.
Kalta Minar was envisioned by Muhammad Amin Khan, the ruler of the Khiva Khanate, as the largest and tallest minaret in the Muslim world. The original plan was for the minaret to reach a height of 70–80 meters, with a gradually narrowing diameter to ensure structural stability. The base diameter is 14.2 meters. Construction began in 1852 but was abruptly halted in 1855 when the minaret had reached a height of 29 meters.
According to Khivan historian and writer Agahi, the project was abandoned following the death of Muhammad Amin Khan, who was killed in battle against the Turkmen near Serakhs in 1855.
In 1996–1997, as part of a large-scale restoration campaign for Uzbekistan's historical architectural monuments and in celebration of Khiva's 2,500th anniversary, Kalta Minar underwent significant restoration. During this work, its unique patterns and inscriptions were carefully restored to their former glory.
Muhammad Amin Khan Madrasah is an architectural monument located in the historical center of Khiva, Uzbekistan. It was built between 1852 and 1855 with funds and under the orders of the Uzbek ruler Muhammad Amin Khan. The madrasah is situated in the western part of Ichan-Kala and is adjacent to the Kalta Minar.
The Muhammad Amin Khan Madrasah is the largest and features the most elaborate tilework among the other madrasahs in Khiva. Many travel websites, without proper evidence, claim that it is the "largest" madrasah in Central Asia, though there are other larger madrasahs in different cities, such as the Kukeldash Madrasah and others.
As part of Ichan-Kala, it was included in the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1990. Currently, it is part of the tourist services and is home to a hotel within the "Khiva" tourist complex.
The Juma Mosque (Juma Masjid) is the Friday mosque located in the Ichan-Kala fortress of Khiva. According to the Arab geographer Muqaddasi, the mosque dates back to the 10th century. According to the historian Munis, the mosque was reconstructed in the late 18th century with funds donated by the Khan of Khiva, Abdurrahman Mekhtar.
The mosque is unique in its structure—it lacks portals, domes, galleries, and an internal courtyard. The mosque has access from three sides. The ceiling of the main hall is supported by 213 wooden columns. The oldest of these columns may have been taken from the medieval capital of Khwarezm, the city of Kyat. Four columns with inscriptions in Naskh script are similar to those in the Baghbanly Mosque. Twenty-one columns belong to the 10th–12th centuries and bear Arabic inscriptions in the Kufic script. The columns with floral and vegetal patterns typical of Khiva date back to the 18th–19th centuries. The ceiling has small openings for light and ventilation. The southern wall has stalactite niches, and there is a marble plaque on the right side listing revenues and estates.
Tashkent - Khiva